The formula for choosing "n" objects out of "k" objects where you chose
each object only once is:
k!
-----------------
n! (k-n)!
where k! (pronounced "k factorial") is 1*2*3*...*k. To compute an easy
example, if you had a lottery with 6 numbers and you had to choose 3 of
them to win, the number of possible combinations would be:
6!
----------------
3! (6-3)!
or
1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 * 6
----------------------------------
(1 * 2 * 3) (1 * 2 * 3)
or
4 * 5 * 6
-----------------------
6
which is 20.
Oddly enough this ties into Pascal's Triangle:
1
1 1
1 2 1
1 3 3 1
1 4 6 4 1
1 5 10 10 5 1
1 6 15 20 15 6 1
etc.
To find the number of ways you can choose 3 objects out of 6, you first
count down to row 6 (noting that the first row is 0) and then count
across to column 3 (again remembering that the first column is 0). Sure
enough you get 20 again. Pretty hip huh? :)
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